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Balanites Aegyptiaca Fruits' Valorisation by Liquid Biofuels Production

Received: 24 September 2019     Accepted: 12 October 2019     Published: 23 October 2019
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Abstract

Today, the fight against global warming is a major challenge for the whole world. The widespread use of biofuels is indeed one of the credible alternatives that can lead to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study aims to promote the fruits of the desert date in bioenergy. The various treatments showed that the fruits are composed of 52.67 ± 0.18% of nuclei, 40.08 ± 0.50% of mesocarps and 7.26 ± 0.33% of epicarps and other solid particles. From the mesocarps, bioethanol was produced with a yield of 14.74 ± 0.06%; while by Soxhlet extraction of almonds with hexane gave a vegetable oil with a yield of 44.58 ± 5.69%. The monitoring of the ethanolic fermentation reaction, carried out with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts revealed that a pH of 4.0 optimized the reaction, with an attenuation limit of 54.17%. GC-FID analysis showed that other reactions which should compete with ethanolic fermentation, were almost inhibited by the effectiveness of the kinetic control. GC-FID analysis of the chemical composition of the biodiesel produced with the crude oil has showed the presence of oleic acid (41.90%), linoleic acid (29.27%), palmitic acid (12.47%), β-linolenic (10.89%) and stearic (1.17%). Physicochemical analysis and the comparison of energy characteristics indicated that the biofuels produced in this study have properties similar to those of petrodiesel and some standard biofuels. Therefore, the fruits of Balanites aegyptiaca are an interesting source of liquid biofuels that can replace petrol and conventional diesel, the most used fossil fuels in transportation.

Published in American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajche.20190704.11
Page(s) 102-112
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Balanites Aegyptiaca Fruits, Alcoholic Fermentation, Transesterification, Biofuels

References
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    Kosi Mawuéna Novidzro, Balbine Amoussou Fagla, Bidossessi Saturnin Houndji, Mamatchi Melila, Kokouvi Dotse, et al. (2019). Balanites Aegyptiaca Fruits' Valorisation by Liquid Biofuels Production. American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 7(4), 102-112. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20190704.11

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    Kosi Mawuéna Novidzro; Balbine Amoussou Fagla; Bidossessi Saturnin Houndji; Mamatchi Melila; Kokouvi Dotse, et al. Balanites Aegyptiaca Fruits' Valorisation by Liquid Biofuels Production. Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2019, 7(4), 102-112. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20190704.11

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    AMA Style

    Kosi Mawuéna Novidzro, Balbine Amoussou Fagla, Bidossessi Saturnin Houndji, Mamatchi Melila, Kokouvi Dotse, et al. Balanites Aegyptiaca Fruits' Valorisation by Liquid Biofuels Production. Am J Chem Eng. 2019;7(4):102-112. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20190704.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajche.20190704.11,
      author = {Kosi Mawuéna Novidzro and Balbine Amoussou Fagla and Bidossessi Saturnin Houndji and Mamatchi Melila and Kokouvi Dotse and Kossi Honoré Koumaglo},
      title = {Balanites Aegyptiaca Fruits' Valorisation by Liquid Biofuels Production},
      journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
      volume = {7},
      number = {4},
      pages = {102-112},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20190704.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20190704.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20190704.11},
      abstract = {Today, the fight against global warming is a major challenge for the whole world. The widespread use of biofuels is indeed one of the credible alternatives that can lead to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study aims to promote the fruits of the desert date in bioenergy. The various treatments showed that the fruits are composed of 52.67 ± 0.18% of nuclei, 40.08 ± 0.50% of mesocarps and 7.26 ± 0.33% of epicarps and other solid particles. From the mesocarps, bioethanol was produced with a yield of 14.74 ± 0.06%; while by Soxhlet extraction of almonds with hexane gave a vegetable oil with a yield of 44.58 ± 5.69%. The monitoring of the ethanolic fermentation reaction, carried out with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts revealed that a pH of 4.0 optimized the reaction, with an attenuation limit of 54.17%. GC-FID analysis showed that other reactions which should compete with ethanolic fermentation, were almost inhibited by the effectiveness of the kinetic control. GC-FID analysis of the chemical composition of the biodiesel produced with the crude oil has showed the presence of oleic acid (41.90%), linoleic acid (29.27%), palmitic acid (12.47%), β-linolenic (10.89%) and stearic (1.17%). Physicochemical analysis and the comparison of energy characteristics indicated that the biofuels produced in this study have properties similar to those of petrodiesel and some standard biofuels. Therefore, the fruits of Balanites aegyptiaca are an interesting source of liquid biofuels that can replace petrol and conventional diesel, the most used fossil fuels in transportation.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Balanites Aegyptiaca Fruits' Valorisation by Liquid Biofuels Production
    AU  - Kosi Mawuéna Novidzro
    AU  - Balbine Amoussou Fagla
    AU  - Bidossessi Saturnin Houndji
    AU  - Mamatchi Melila
    AU  - Kokouvi Dotse
    AU  - Kossi Honoré Koumaglo
    Y1  - 2019/10/23
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20190704.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20190704.11
    T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
    SP  - 102
    EP  - 112
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8613
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20190704.11
    AB  - Today, the fight against global warming is a major challenge for the whole world. The widespread use of biofuels is indeed one of the credible alternatives that can lead to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study aims to promote the fruits of the desert date in bioenergy. The various treatments showed that the fruits are composed of 52.67 ± 0.18% of nuclei, 40.08 ± 0.50% of mesocarps and 7.26 ± 0.33% of epicarps and other solid particles. From the mesocarps, bioethanol was produced with a yield of 14.74 ± 0.06%; while by Soxhlet extraction of almonds with hexane gave a vegetable oil with a yield of 44.58 ± 5.69%. The monitoring of the ethanolic fermentation reaction, carried out with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts revealed that a pH of 4.0 optimized the reaction, with an attenuation limit of 54.17%. GC-FID analysis showed that other reactions which should compete with ethanolic fermentation, were almost inhibited by the effectiveness of the kinetic control. GC-FID analysis of the chemical composition of the biodiesel produced with the crude oil has showed the presence of oleic acid (41.90%), linoleic acid (29.27%), palmitic acid (12.47%), β-linolenic (10.89%) and stearic (1.17%). Physicochemical analysis and the comparison of energy characteristics indicated that the biofuels produced in this study have properties similar to those of petrodiesel and some standard biofuels. Therefore, the fruits of Balanites aegyptiaca are an interesting source of liquid biofuels that can replace petrol and conventional diesel, the most used fossil fuels in transportation.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo

  • School of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Technologies, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin

  • School of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Technologies, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo

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