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Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Efficacy of Essential Oils of Three Lamiaceae Species Growing in Cameroon

Received: 31 January 2021     Accepted: 8 February 2021     Published: 27 February 2021
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Abstract

Essential oils (EOs) have aroused attention among the naturally-occurring therapeutic compounds with anti-infective properties. This study examined the chemical composition and the antibacterial potential of EOs from three Lamiaceae species including Ocimum gratissimum (leaves), Plecthrantus epilithicus (leaves), and Satureja robusta (leaves and flowers). EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus, followed by characterization by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and flame ionization detector (GC/FID). The antibacterial efficacy of EOs was screened using the microdilution method, against a panel of eight foodborne bacteria isolates namely Enterobacter cloacae, Yersinia enterocolotica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Shigella flexneri, and Enterococcus faecalis. GC-MS and GC/FID analysis led to the identification of 53 components from EOs of P. epilithicus, while around forty compounds have been characterized from the EOs of O. gratissimum (43), leaves of Satureja robusta (43), and flowers of S. robusta (44). The nature of identified compounds varied according to the species. The most prevalent volatile compounds identified in the EOs of P. epilithicus were piperitenone oxide (23.65%) and two isomers piperitone oxide 2/2 (16.15%) and piperitone oxide 1/2 (7.24%). The major constituents in the EOs of leaves of O. gratissimum were elemicin (33.474%) and eugenol (30.258%). Piperitone oxide, piperitone, and germacrene D were identified as major constituents in both the EOs of leaves of S. robusta (28.3%, 15.14%, and 9.42% respectively) and flowers (45.6%, 11.55%, and 3.94% respectively). The oils displayed selective antibacterial potential, with the recorded minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.0156 to 1% (v/v). EOs of P. epilithicus as well as that of the leaves and flowers of S. robusta acted against all studied bacteria. Most of the MIC values were below 0.25% (v/v), indicating a strong inhibitory potential of studied EOs. The present study provides a strong baseline for consideration of the EOs from O. gratissimum, S. robusta, and P. epilithicus in the control of bacterial foodborne infections.

Published in Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.jdmp.20210701.13
Page(s) 14-21
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Essential Oils, Chemical Composition, Antibacterial Activity, Foodborne Bacteria, O. gratissimum, S. robusta, P. epilithicus

References
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    Helene Gueaba Mbuntcha, Hervet Paulin Dogmo Fogang, Verlaine Woguem, Patrick Sonkoue, Pamela Kenfack, et al. (2021). Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Efficacy of Essential Oils of Three Lamiaceae Species Growing in Cameroon. Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants, 7(1), 14-21. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20210701.13

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    ACS Style

    Helene Gueaba Mbuntcha; Hervet Paulin Dogmo Fogang; Verlaine Woguem; Patrick Sonkoue; Pamela Kenfack, et al. Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Efficacy of Essential Oils of Three Lamiaceae Species Growing in Cameroon. J. Dis. Med. Plants 2021, 7(1), 14-21. doi: 10.11648/j.jdmp.20210701.13

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    AMA Style

    Helene Gueaba Mbuntcha, Hervet Paulin Dogmo Fogang, Verlaine Woguem, Patrick Sonkoue, Pamela Kenfack, et al. Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Efficacy of Essential Oils of Three Lamiaceae Species Growing in Cameroon. J Dis Med Plants. 2021;7(1):14-21. doi: 10.11648/j.jdmp.20210701.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jdmp.20210701.13,
      author = {Helene Gueaba Mbuntcha and Hervet Paulin Dogmo Fogang and Verlaine Woguem and Patrick Sonkoue and Pamela Kenfack and Kelly Djeuga and Christine Schippa and Elisabet Dunach and Jackson Armel Seukep and Stephen Tamekou Lacmata and Theophile Fonkou and Leon Azefack Tapondjou and Hilaire Macaire Womeni},
      title = {Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Efficacy of Essential Oils of Three Lamiaceae Species Growing in Cameroon},
      journal = {Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants},
      volume = {7},
      number = {1},
      pages = {14-21},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jdmp.20210701.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20210701.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jdmp.20210701.13},
      abstract = {Essential oils (EOs) have aroused attention among the naturally-occurring therapeutic compounds with anti-infective properties. This study examined the chemical composition and the antibacterial potential of EOs from three Lamiaceae species including Ocimum gratissimum (leaves), Plecthrantus epilithicus (leaves), and Satureja robusta (leaves and flowers). EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus, followed by characterization by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and flame ionization detector (GC/FID). The antibacterial efficacy of EOs was screened using the microdilution method, against a panel of eight foodborne bacteria isolates namely Enterobacter cloacae, Yersinia enterocolotica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Shigella flexneri, and Enterococcus faecalis. GC-MS and GC/FID analysis led to the identification of 53 components from EOs of P. epilithicus, while around forty compounds have been characterized from the EOs of O. gratissimum (43), leaves of Satureja robusta (43), and flowers of S. robusta (44). The nature of identified compounds varied according to the species. The most prevalent volatile compounds identified in the EOs of P. epilithicus were piperitenone oxide (23.65%) and two isomers piperitone oxide 2/2 (16.15%) and piperitone oxide 1/2 (7.24%). The major constituents in the EOs of leaves of O. gratissimum were elemicin (33.474%) and eugenol (30.258%). Piperitone oxide, piperitone, and germacrene D were identified as major constituents in both the EOs of leaves of S. robusta (28.3%, 15.14%, and 9.42% respectively) and flowers (45.6%, 11.55%, and 3.94% respectively). The oils displayed selective antibacterial potential, with the recorded minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.0156 to 1% (v/v). EOs of P. epilithicus as well as that of the leaves and flowers of S. robusta acted against all studied bacteria. Most of the MIC values were below 0.25% (v/v), indicating a strong inhibitory potential of studied EOs. The present study provides a strong baseline for consideration of the EOs from O. gratissimum, S. robusta, and P. epilithicus in the control of bacterial foodborne infections.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Efficacy of Essential Oils of Three Lamiaceae Species Growing in Cameroon
    AU  - Helene Gueaba Mbuntcha
    AU  - Hervet Paulin Dogmo Fogang
    AU  - Verlaine Woguem
    AU  - Patrick Sonkoue
    AU  - Pamela Kenfack
    AU  - Kelly Djeuga
    AU  - Christine Schippa
    AU  - Elisabet Dunach
    AU  - Jackson Armel Seukep
    AU  - Stephen Tamekou Lacmata
    AU  - Theophile Fonkou
    AU  - Leon Azefack Tapondjou
    AU  - Hilaire Macaire Womeni
    Y1  - 2021/02/27
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20210701.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jdmp.20210701.13
    T2  - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
    JF  - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
    JO  - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
    SP  - 14
    EP  - 21
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2469-8210
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20210701.13
    AB  - Essential oils (EOs) have aroused attention among the naturally-occurring therapeutic compounds with anti-infective properties. This study examined the chemical composition and the antibacterial potential of EOs from three Lamiaceae species including Ocimum gratissimum (leaves), Plecthrantus epilithicus (leaves), and Satureja robusta (leaves and flowers). EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus, followed by characterization by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and flame ionization detector (GC/FID). The antibacterial efficacy of EOs was screened using the microdilution method, against a panel of eight foodborne bacteria isolates namely Enterobacter cloacae, Yersinia enterocolotica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Shigella flexneri, and Enterococcus faecalis. GC-MS and GC/FID analysis led to the identification of 53 components from EOs of P. epilithicus, while around forty compounds have been characterized from the EOs of O. gratissimum (43), leaves of Satureja robusta (43), and flowers of S. robusta (44). The nature of identified compounds varied according to the species. The most prevalent volatile compounds identified in the EOs of P. epilithicus were piperitenone oxide (23.65%) and two isomers piperitone oxide 2/2 (16.15%) and piperitone oxide 1/2 (7.24%). The major constituents in the EOs of leaves of O. gratissimum were elemicin (33.474%) and eugenol (30.258%). Piperitone oxide, piperitone, and germacrene D were identified as major constituents in both the EOs of leaves of S. robusta (28.3%, 15.14%, and 9.42% respectively) and flowers (45.6%, 11.55%, and 3.94% respectively). The oils displayed selective antibacterial potential, with the recorded minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.0156 to 1% (v/v). EOs of P. epilithicus as well as that of the leaves and flowers of S. robusta acted against all studied bacteria. Most of the MIC values were below 0.25% (v/v), indicating a strong inhibitory potential of studied EOs. The present study provides a strong baseline for consideration of the EOs from O. gratissimum, S. robusta, and P. epilithicus in the control of bacterial foodborne infections.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon

  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Central Analytical Laboratory, Mane Enterprise, Le Bar Sur Loup, France

  • Institute of Chemistry of Nice, CNRS Faculty of Sciences Parc Valrose, University of C?te d’Azur, Nice, France

  • Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon

  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

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